Covid-19 Sentry

Contents

• From Preprints
• From Clinical Trials
• From PubMed
• From Patent Search

From Preprints

• Improving the sensitivity of fluorescence-based immunoassays by time-resolved and spatial-resolved measurements -
  Detection of target molecules, such as proteins, antibodies, or specific DNA sequences, is critical in medical laboratory science. Commonly used assays rely on tagging the target molecules with fluorescent probes. These are then fed to high-sensitivity detection systems. Such systems typically consist of a photodetector or camera and use time-resolved measurements that require sophisticated and expensive optics. Magnetic modulation biosensing (MMB) is a novel, fast, and sensitive detection technology that has been used successfully to detect viruses such as Zika and SARS-CoV-2. While this powerful tool is known for its high analytical and clinical sensitivity, the current signal-processing method for detecting the target molecule and estimating its dose is based on time-resolved measurements only. To improve the MMB-system performance, we propose here a novel signal processing algorithm that uses both temporally and spatially resolved measurements. We show that this combination significantly improves the sensitivity of the MMB-based assay. To evaluate the new method statistically, we performed multiple dose responses of Human Interleukin 9 (IL -8) on different days. Compared to standard time-resolved methods, the new algorithm provides a 2-3 fold improvement in detection limit and a 25% improvement in quantitative resolution.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Improving the sensitivity of fluorescence-based immunoassays by time-resolved and spatial-resolved measurements
• Investigating the marginal and herd effects of COVID-19 vaccination for reducing case fatality rate: Evidence from the United States. -

  Vaccination campaigns have been rolled out in most countries to increase the vaccination coverage and protect against case mortality during the ongoing pandemic. To evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination, it is vital to disentangle the herd effect from the marginal effect and parameterize them separately in a model. To demonstrate this, we study the relationship between the COVID-19 vaccination coverage and case fatality rate (CFR) based on a U.S. vaccination coverage at county level, with daily records from March 11th, 2021 to Jan 26th, 2022 for 3109 U.S. counties. Using segmented regression, we discovered three breakpoints of the vaccination coverage, at which the herd effects could potentially exist. Controlling for county heterogeneity, we found the size of the marginal effect was not constant but actually enlarged as the vaccination coverage increased, and only the herd effect at the first breakpoint was statistically significant, which implied indirect benefit of vaccination may exist at the early stage of a vaccination campaign. Our results have demonstrated that public health researchers should carefully differentiate and quantify the herd and marginal effects in analyzing vaccination data, to better inform vaccination campaign strategies as well as evaluate vaccination effectiveness.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Investigating the marginal and herd effects of COVID-19 vaccination for reducing case fatality rate: Evidence from the United States.
• I trust my immunity more than your vaccines: “Appeal to nature” bias strongly predicts questionable health behaviors in the pandemic -
  Health care policies often rely on public cooperation, especially during a health crisis. However, a crisis is also a period of uncertainty and proliferation of health related advice: while some people adhere to the official recommendations, others tend to avoid them and resort to non-evidence based, pseudoscientific practices. People prone to the latter are often the ones endorsing a set of epistemically suspect beliefs, with two being particularly relevant: conspiratorial pandemic-related beliefs, and the appeal to nature bias (i.e. trusting natural immunity to fight the pandemic). These in turn are rooted in trust in different epistemic authorities, seen as mutually exclusive: trust in science and trust in the “wisdom of the common man”. Drawing from two nationally representative probability samples, we tested a model in which trust in science/wisdom of the common man predicted COVID-19 vaccination status (Study 1, N = 1001) or vaccination status alongside use of pseudoscientific health practices (Study 2, N = 1010), through COVID-19 conspiratorial beliefs and the appeal to nature bias. As expected, epistemically suspect beliefs were interrelated, related to vaccination status, and to both types of trust. Moreover, trust in science had both a direct and indirect effect on vaccination status through both types of epistemically suspect beliefs. Trust in the wisdom of the common man had only an indirect effect on vaccination status. Contrary to the way they are typically portrayed, the two types of trust were unrelated. These results were largely replicated in the second study, in which we added pseudoscientific practices as an outcome; trust in science and the wisdom of the common man contributed to their prediction only indirectly, through epistemically suspect beliefs. We offer recommendations on how to make use of different types of epistemic authorities and how to tackle unfounded beliefs in communication during a health crisis.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: I trust my immunity more than your vaccines: “Appeal to nature” bias strongly predicts questionable health behaviors in the pandemic
• NASCarD (Nanopore Adaptive Sampling with Carrier DNA): A rapid, PCR-free method for whole genome sequencing of pathogens in clinical samples -

  Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) represents the main technology for SARS-CoV-2 lineage characterization in diagnostic laboratories worldwide. The rapid, near-full-length sequencing of the viral genome is commonly enabled by high-throughput sequencing of PCR amplicons derived from cDNA molecules. Here, we present a new approach, called NASCarD (Nanopore adaptive sampling with carrier DNA), which allows low amount of nucleic acids to be sequenced while selectively enriching for sequences of interest, hence limiting the production of non-target sequences. Using clinical samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron wave, we demonstrate how the method leads to up to >100x coverage of the full genome sequences of the target organism as compared to standard shotgun metatranscriptomics approach. It provides complete and accurate genome sequence reconstruction within seven hours at a competitive cost. The new approach may have applications beyond SARS-CoV-2 sequencing for other DNA or RNA pathogens in clinical samples.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: NASCarD (Nanopore Adaptive Sampling with Carrier DNA): A rapid, PCR-free method for whole genome sequencing of pathogens in clinical samples
• Sociodemographic inequity in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among youth in Zimbabwe -

  COVID-19 vaccine acceptance research has mostly originated from high-income countries and reasons why youth may not get vaccinated may differ in low-income settings. Understanding vaccination coverage across different population groups and the sociocultural influences in healthcare delivery is important to inform targeted vaccination campaigns. A population-based survey was conducted in 24 communities across three provinces (Harare, Bulawayo and Mashonaland East) in Zimbabwe between October 2021 and June 2022. Youth aged 18 - 24 years were recruited using random sampling. Data on sociodemographic information and COVID-19 vaccination uptake and reasons for non-uptake were collected. A total of 17,682 youth were recruited (n=10,743, 60.8% female). The median age of survey participants was 20 (IQR: 19-22) years. Almost two thirds (n=10,651, 60.2%) of participants reported receiving at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. A higher proportion of men than women had been vaccinated (68.9% vs 54.7%), and vaccination prevalence increased with age (<19 years: 57.5%, 20-22: 61.5%, >23: 62.2%). Lack of time to get vaccinated, belief that the vaccine was unsafe and anxiety about side effects (particularly infertility) were the main reasons for not getting vaccinated. Factors associated with vaccination were male sex (OR=1.69, 95%CI:1.58-1.80), increasing age (>22 years: OR=1.12, 95%CI:1.04-1.21), education level (post-secondary: OR=4.34, 95%CI:3.27-5.76), and socioeconomic status (least poor: OR=1.32, 95%CI:1.20-1.47). This study found vaccine inequity across age, sex, educational attainment and socioeconomic status among youth. Strategies should address these inequities by understanding concerns and tailoring vaccine campaigns to specific groups.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Sociodemographic inequity in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among youth in Zimbabwe
• Summaries, Analysis and Simulations of Recent COVID-19 Epidemic in Mainland China During December 31 2021-December 6 2022 -

  Background: The recent COVID-19 epidemic in mainland China is an important issue for studying the prevention and disease control measures and the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. Following our previous study for the mainland China epidemic during December 31 2021 to 30 April 2022, this paper studies and compares the the mainland China epidemic during December 31 2021 to December 6 2022. Methods: Using differential equations and real word data (both domestic and foreign input infected individuals) modelings and simulates COVID-19 epidemic in mainland China during May 1 2022 to December 6 2022, estimates the transmission rates, the recovery rates, the blocking rates to the symptomatic and the asymptomatic infections, and the died rate of the symptomatic infected individuals. The transmission rates and the recovery rates of the foreign input COVID-19 infected individuals in mainland China have also been studied. Using virtual simulations predict the outcomes of the epidemics. Results: The simulation results were in good agreement with the real word data. (1) The average input transmission rate of the foreign input symptomatic infection individuals was much lower than the average transmission rates of the symptomatic infection causing by the mainland symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. (2) The average input transmission rate of the foreign input asymptomatic infection individuals was was much lower than the average transmission rate of the asymptomatic infection causing by the mainland symptomatic individuals. (3) The average recovery rates of the foreign input COVID-19 symptomatic and asymptomatic infected individuals were much higher than the average recovery rates of the mainland symptomatic and asymptomatic infected individuals. For the mainland epidemic simulations: (1) If kept the transmission rates, the recovery rates, the death rate and the blocking rates on day 181 (June 30, 2022), the numbers of the current symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals would reduce to about one on day 270 (September 27, 2022). (2) If kept the transmission rates, the recovery rates, the death rate and the blocking rates on day 340 (December 6, 2022) until day 380 (January 15, 2023), the numbers of the current symptomaticand the asymptomatic infected individuals would increase to 37 999 and 224 945, respectively, the cumulative death individuals would increase from 599 to 616. (3)If kept the transmission rates, the recovery rates on day 340, but decreased the blocking rates to 34% and select the death rate to equal to the average death rate during days 104-150, then the simulation showed that on day 380, the numbers of current symptomatic and the asymptomatic infected individuals would increase to about 323 559 095 and 481 270 717, respectively, and the cumulative death individuals would reach about 1 055 607. For the foreign input epidemic simulations: (1) If kept the transmission rates, the recovery rates, and the blocking rates day 242 (August 30, 2022), until day 340, the numbers of the current symptomatic and the asymptomatic infected individuals would decrease to 13 and 430, respectively. (2) If kept the transmission rates, the recovery rates, the death rate and the blocking rates on day 340 until day 380 (January 15 2023), the numbers of the current symptomatic and the asymptomatic infected individuals would decrease and increase to 168 and 1952, respectively. (3) Recommendations on COVID-19 epidemic base on WHO9s technic guidelines and HBV Infection in Chimpanzees are provided. Conclusions: (1) For the mainland individuals9 epidemic, keeping the blocking rates of over 86% and 93% to the symptomatic and asymptomatic infections , and the recovery rates of over 0.119 and 0.112 to the symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals may make the numbers of the current symptomatic and asymptomatic infected individuals to decrease to very low levels in three months. (2) For the foreign input individuals9 epidemic, keeping the transmission rates of under 0.07 to the symptomatic and asymptomatic infections , and the recovery rates of over 0.125 and 0.099 to the symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals may make the numbers of the current symptomatic and asymptomatic infected individuals to decrease to very low levels in four months. (3) After December 6, 2022, decreasing the blocking rates of under 34% to the symptomatic and asymptomatic infections may cause over 1100 millions individuals9 COVID-19 infections and over 1 million COVID-19 infected individuals9 death. (4) It is necessary that administrations implement strict prevent and control strategies to prevent the spread of new COVID-19 variants.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Summaries, Analysis and Simulations of Recent COVID-19 Epidemic in Mainland China During December 31 2021-December 6 2022
• Should Children be Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2 -
  The risk of children under the age of 18 of dying from COVID is almost non-existent, while in the United States the vaccine has accounted for over 1000 deaths. The long terms effects of vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in children are completely unknown. At this time, the evidence does not support vaccinating children COVID unless they are immunocompromised, have severe heart, pulmonary disease or related disorders.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Should Children be Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2
• The Impact of COVID-19 on Test Administration and Scores -
  Eighty Woodcock–Johnson IV Tests of Achievement protocols from 40 test administrators were examined to determine the types and frequencies of administration and scoring errors made. Non-critical errors (e.g., failure to record verbatim) were found on every protocol (M = 37.2). Critical (e.g., standard score, start point) errors were found on 98.8% of protocols (M = 15.3). Additionally, a series of paired samples t-test were conducted to determine differences in total, critical, and non-critical errors pre- and during-COVID-19. No statistic differences were found. Our findings add to a growing body of research that suggests that errors on norm-referenced tests of achievement are pervasive. However, the frequency of errors did not appear to be affected by COVID-19 stressors or social distancing requirements. Implications of these findings for training and practice are discussed. Suggestions for future research are also provided.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: The Impact of COVID-19 on Test Administration and Scores
• Influence of Social Media on Consumers’ Online Purchasing Habits During: The COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan -
  Currently, businesses located all over the world are adjusting to a new standard of operation. Customers are encouraged to make their purchases of necessities through the favored e-commerce platform of the organization. For the purpose of marketing web-based enterprises, websites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest are utilized. The purpose of the study was to investigate how the COVID-19 epidemic altered the purchase patterns of Pakistani customers shopping online, with a particular emphasis on the role played by social media. The study utilized a quantitative research model and a descriptive research technique in its data collection and analysis. In order to obtain responses from 400 Pakistani clients, an online questionnaire employing the “purposive sampling” method was used. When looking at the data and putting the hypothesis to the test, PLS-SEM analysis was utilized. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan, a PLS-SEM study indicated that advertising tools, online reviews, and endorsements from celebrities had a favorable and significant effect on how individuals bought products online. According to the findings of this study, online businesses can improve their use of social media for marketing and advertising by following a number of particular measures. Customers have a greater propensity to make purchases via social media platforms when they come across favorable evaluations and recommendations from celebrities.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Influence of Social Media on Consumers’ Online Purchasing Habits During: The COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan
• Tick tick boom: The rise of child marriage in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic -
  Introduction: Child marriage is a global phenomenon where one in six girls aged under 19 are married as child brides that are exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, in which girls are disproportionately affected by this practice. Therefore, this study aimed to provide reliable numbers of child marriages in Indonesia during the pandemic. Methods: Records from all 412 [Islamic] Religious Courts at the city/district level provided by the Supreme Court of The Republic of Indonesia were analysed, particularly the numbers of child marriage dispensation applications (bride and/or groom is below 19 years old) from 2019 to 2021. Results: New child marriage dispensation application numbers in 2019, 2020, and 2021 were 24,865, 64,225, and 62,890 cases, respectively, of which 2-4% of new applications were withdrawn every year. Up to 65% of new applications from 2019 to 2021 were consistently registered in six provinces in Java. However, the top-rank provinces with the rise of new applications in 2020 and 2021 when compared to records in 2019 were from outside Java, including Papua Barat, DI Aceh, Jambi, Maluku, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, and Bengkulu. Conclusions: The child marriages in Indonesia skyrocketed by 2.5 times during the pandemic, represented by the rise of new child marriage dispensation applications to the Religious Courts between 2020 and 2021. Policy implications: Stakeholders should consider socio-economic and psycho-cultural factors in planning child marriage intervention programs during the pandemic, including involving local/religious leaders, tightening the marriage dispensation process, and prioritising areas with high percentages of poverty and the girl population.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Tick tick boom: The rise of child marriage in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic
• Predicting self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: A nationwide survey report -
  Background: It is estimated that 77.0% of suicide cases occurred in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), which would increase because of the COVID-19 pandemic and socioeconomic inequity. However, there is lack of reports on this topic from LMICs, especially during the pandemic. Therefore, this nationwide study aimed to explore self-harm and suicide ideation and its predictive variables during the pandemic in Indonesia as a MIC with the highest COVID-19 fatality rate in Asia. Methods: Non-random sampling online survey was conducted nationwide between 25 May and 16 June 2021. The collected data were demographic variables (i.e. age group), loneliness from social isolation using The UCLA Loneliness Scale Six Items (ULS-6), and self-harm and suicide ideation using item 9 of The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Predictive model was analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression. Results: A total of 5,211 participants from all 34 provinces in Indonesia completed the survey. Among 39.3% of them reported self-harm and suicide ideation during the pandemic, which significantly correlated with loneliness. The predictive variables associated with the likelihood of self-harm and suicide ideation were age, residence, job, religion, sex-gender, sexual orientation, HIV status, disability status, and loneliness. The predictive model showed a significant goodness-of-fit to the observed data (x2(15) = 1,803.46, p<.001), RN2 = .40. Conclusion: Four out of 10 Indonesians experienced self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly people within the age range of 18-24, living in the Java Island, unemployed/student/retired and freelancer, women, members of minority and marginalized communities, and experience of loneliness during the pandemic.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Predicting self-harm and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: A nationwide survey report
• THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE QUALITY OF NURSING SERVICES IN SURGERY AND INTERNAL DISEASE CARE ROOMS IN 2021 BAUBAU CITY HOSPITAL -
  Service quality must start from customer needs and end with customer satisfaction and positive perceptions of the services provided. However, the challenge is that the customer’s assessment of the service they receive is more subjective. To increase the utilization of health facilities, it is necessary to make corrections to public perceptions so that they are able to meet the expectations of consumers. If the customer is satisfied with good service, then the consumer will show a great opportunity to make a repeat purchase. COVID19 Worker Health Promotion must be regulated in terms of changes, from the implementation of COVID19 management instructions, new guidelines must be made, changes in nurse-patient interaction, with personal protective equipment (PPE), Covid19 fear or transmitting fear or transmitting. This new habit can affect the quality of care services The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Covid 19 pandemic on the quality of nursing services in the Surgical and Disease Treatment rooms in the Baubau City Hospital in 2021. This type of research is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional approach. Therefore, it is a type of investigation that emphasizes measuring time only once at this point. The results showed that there was no influence between the Covid-19 pandemic on the quality of nursing services in the internal medicine and surgery rooms at Baubau Hospital in 2021, with a p-value = 0.230 or greater than a = 0.05, It is hoped that the hospital will maintain the quality standards provided by nurses in the surgical treatment room and those related to diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic so that patient satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic always feels pleasant.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE QUALITY OF NURSING SERVICES IN SURGERY AND INTERNAL DISEASE CARE ROOMS IN 2021 BAUBAU CITY HOSPITAL
• THE INFLUENCE OF WORKLOAD ON NURSE WORK STRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FLAMBOYAN AND INTERNA ROOMS AT RSUD KOTA BAUBAU 2021 -
  Job stress is a condition in which there is interaction between humans and work and is characterized by human changes that prevent it from having an impact on normal functioning. all professional employees in the hospital are at risk of experiencing stress, but nurses have a higher level of stress The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of workload on nurses’ work stress during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Flamboyan and Interna Rooms at the Baubau City Hospital. This type of investigation uses analytical investigations to find out how and why phenomena occur. A cross-sectional design simultaneously studying the two independent variables was adopted. The purpose of this study was to find out whether workload had an impact on the work pressure of Flamboyán and nurses at the Baubau City Hospital during the Covid19 pandemic. The results of the study showed that the most interviewees were moderate workload and moderate work stress, namely 25 people (17.80) and 8 respondents who had work stress (18.50). As long as people with high workloads with 8 types of heavy work stress (18.50). Based on the results of the Kruskal Wallis H-Test analysis with a value of & agr; 0.016 (α < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an effect of burden on nurses’ work stress.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: THE INFLUENCE OF WORKLOAD ON NURSE WORK STRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FLAMBOYAN AND INTERNA ROOMS AT RSUD KOTA BAUBAU 2021
• A single C-terminal residue controls SARS-CoV-2 spike trafficking and virion assembly -
  The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is delivered to the virion assembly site in the ER-Golgi Intermediate Compartment (ERGIC) from both the ER and cis-Golgi in infected cells1-3. However, the relevance and modulatory mechanism of this bidirectional trafficking are unclear. Here, using structure-function analyses, we show that S incorporation into virions and viral fusogenicity are determined by coatomer-dependent S delivery from the cis-Golgi and restricted by S-coatomer dissociation. Although S mimicry of the host coatomer-binding dibasic motif ensures retrograde trafficking to the ERGIC, avoidance of the host-like C-terminal acidic residue is critical for S-coatomer dissociation and therefore incorporation into virions or export for cell-cell fusion. Because this C-terminal residue is the key determinant of SARS-CoV-2 assembly and fusogenicity, our work provides a framework for the export of S protein encoded in genetic vaccines for surface display and immune activation.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: A single C-terminal residue controls SARS-CoV-2 spike trafficking and virion assembly
• Ultrapotent SARS coronavirus-neutralizing single-domain antibodies that bind a conserved membrane proximal epitope of the spike -
  Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants have gained complete or significant resistance to all SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies that have been used in the clinic. Such antibodies can prevent severe disease in SARS-CoV-2 exposed patients for whom vaccines may not provide optimal protection. Here, we describe single-domain antibodies (VHHs), also known as nanobodies, that can broadly neutralize SARS-CoV-2 with unusually high potency. Structural analysis revealed their binding to a unique, highly conserved, membrane proximal, quaternary epitope in the S2 subunit of the spike. Furthermore, a VHH-human IgG1 Fc fusion, efficiently expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells as a stable antibody construct, protected hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 replication in a therapeutic setting when administered systemically at low dose. This VHH-based antibody represents a new candidate anti-COVID-19 biologic that targets the Achilles heel of the viral spike.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Ultrapotent SARS coronavirus-neutralizing single-domain antibodies that bind a conserved membrane proximal epitope of the spike

From Clinical Trials

• Effect of Selected Types of Breathing Exercises on Different Outcome Measures in Covid-19 Patients - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Other: breathing exercise
  Sponsor:   Basma Mosaad Abd-elrahman Abushady
  Completed

• Effect Of Calcitriol On Neutrophil To Lymphocytes Ratio And High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Covid-19 Patients - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: Calcitriol;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Universitas Sebelas Maret
  Completed

• Phase I Clinical Trial of Recombinant Variant COVID-19 Vaccine (Sf9 Cell) (WSK-V102) - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Biological: Recombinant variant COVID-19 vaccine(Sf9 cell)
  Sponsor:   WestVac Biopharma Co., Ltd.
  Not yet recruiting

• A Study to Compare QLS1128 With Placebo in Symptomatic Participants With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: QLS1128;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  Not yet recruiting

• Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of the Beta-variant Recombinant Protein Booster Vaccine (VidPrevtyn Beta, Sanofi) Compared to a Bivalent mRNA Vaccine (Comirnaty Original/Omicron BA.4-5, BioNTech-Pfizer) in Adults Previously Vaccinated With at Least 3 Doses of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine - Conditions:   Vaccine Reaction;   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Biological: Comirnaty® BNT162b2 /Omicron BA.4-5 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech);   Biological: VidPrevtyn® Beta vaccine (Sanofi/GSK)
  Sponsors:   Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris;   IREIVAC/COVIREIVAC Network
  Not yet recruiting

• Study of WPV01 Compared With Placebo in Patients With Mild/Moderate COVID-19 Infection - Condition:   COVID-19 Infection
  Interventions:   Drug: WPV01;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Westlake Pharmaceuticals (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.
  Not yet recruiting

• ARVAC-A New Recombinant Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Condition:   COVID-19 Vaccine
  Interventions:   Biological: Gamma Variant RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine;   Biological: Omicron Variant RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine;   Biological: Bivalent RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsors:   Mónica Edith Lombardo;   Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM);   National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Argentina;   Laboratorio Pablo Cassará S.R.L.
  Recruiting

• A Study of HH-120 Nasal Spray in Close Contacts of Those Diagnosed With COVID-19 - Conditions:   COVID-19;   SARS-CoV-2 Infection
  Intervention:   Drug: HH-120 Nasal Spray
  Sponsor:   Beijing Ditan Hospital
  Completed

• Oxygen Atomizing Inhalation of EGCG in the Treatment COVID-19 Pneumonia in Cancer Patients - Conditions:   COVID-19 Pneumonia;   Neoplasms Malignant
  Interventions:   Drug: EGCG;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute
  Recruiting

• The Use of Photobiomodulation in the Treatment of Oral Complaints of Long COVID-19.A Randomized Controlled Trial. - Conditions:   Xerostomia;   COVID-19;   Long COVID;   Persistent COVID-19
  Interventions:   Combination Product: Institutional standard treatment for xerostomia and Long Covid;   Radiation: Photobiomodulation Therapy;   Radiation: Placebo Photobiomodulation Therapy
  Sponsor:   University of Nove de Julho
  Recruiting

• Acupuncture for Post COVID-19 Fatigue - Conditions:   Acupuncture;   Post COVID-19 Condition;   Fatigue
  Interventions:   Device: Acupuncture;   Device: Sham Acupuncture
  Sponsor:   Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
  Not yet recruiting

• Balneotherapy for Patients With Post-acute Coronavirus Disease (COVID) Syndrome - Condition:   Post-COVID-19 Syndrome
  Intervention:   Other: Balneotherapy and aquatic exercises
  Sponsors:   Parc de Salut Mar;   Caldes de Montbui’s City Council;   Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER);   European Regional Development Fund
  Completed

• Clinical and Imaging Biomarkers Associated With Plasma ad Cellular Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease at the Time of COVID 19 - Condition:   Cardiovascular Diseases
  Intervention:   Other: sample blood
  Sponsor:   Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
  Active, not recruiting

• A Study to Assess the Efficacy of HH-120 Nasal Spray for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adult Close Contacts of Individuals Infected With SARS-CoV-2 - Condition:   SARS-CoV-2 Infection
  Interventions:   Drug: HH-120 nasal spray 1;   Drug: HH-120 nasal spray 2;   Drug: Placebo Comparator 1;   Drug: Placebo Comparator 2
  Sponsor:   Beijing Ditan Hospital
  Completed

• Lactoferrin for COVID-19-Induced Taste or Smell Abnormality - Conditions:   Covid19;   Taste Disorder, Secondary;   Taste Disorders;   Dysgeusia;   Smell Disorder;   Ageusia;   Anosmia
  Intervention:   Dietary Supplement: Lactoferrin
  Sponsor:   Wake Forest University Health Sciences
  Withdrawn

From PubMed

• Mucosal immunization with Ad5-based vaccines protects Syrian hamsters from challenge with omicron and delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 - SARS-CoV-2 variant clades continue to circumvent antibody responses elicited by vaccination or infection. Current parenteral vaccination strategies reduce illness and hospitalization, yet do not significantly protect against infection by the more recent variants. It is thought that mucosal vaccination strategies may better protect against infection by inducing immunity at the sites of infection, blocking viral transmission more effectively, and significantly inhibiting the evolution of new…

• 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose: A Novel Pharmacological Agent for Killing Hypoxic Tumor Cells, Oxygen Dependence-Lowering in Covid-19, and Other Pharmacological Activities - The nonmetabolizable glucose analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) has shown promising pharmacological activities, including inhibition of cancerous cell growth and N-glycosylation. It has been used as a glycolysis inhibitor and as a potential energy restriction mimetic agent, inhibiting pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Radioisotope derivatives of 2-DG have applications as tracers. Recently, 2-DG has been used as an anti-COVID-19 drug to lower the need for supplemental oxygen. In the present…

• Potential Regulation of NF-κB by Curcumin in Coronavirus-Induced Cytokine Storm and Lung Injury - The current pandemic coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is still a global medical and economic emergency with over 244 million confirmed infections and over 4.95 million deaths by October 2021, in less than 2 years. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS), and COVID-19 are three recent coronavirus pandemics with major medical and economic implications. Currently, there is no effective treatment for these infections. One major pathological…

• Type I interferon signaling induces a delayed antiproliferative response in Calu-3 cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection - Disease progression during SARS-CoV-2 infection is tightly linked to the fate of lung epithelial cells, with severe cases of COVID-19 characterized by direct injury of the alveolar epithelium and an impairment in its regeneration from progenitor cells. The molecular pathways that govern respiratory epithelial cell death and proliferation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, remain poorly understood. We now report a high-throughput CRISPR screen for host genetic modifiers of the survival and…

• Induction of systemic, mucosal, and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice vaccinated by trans-airway with a S1 protein combined with a pulmonary surfactant-derived adjuvant SF-10 - CONCLUSIONS: Based on the need for effective systemic, respiratory, and cellular immunity, the S1-SF-10-TA vaccine seems promising mucosal vaccine against respiratory infection of SARS-CoV-2.

• SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses following BNT162b2 vaccination in individuals with multiple sclerosis receiving different disease-modifying treatments - INTRODUCTION: The study aims to evaluate the concentration of IgG antibodies against the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike1 protein (S1RBD) in BNT162b2- vaccinated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) individuals receiving disease-modifying treatments (DMTs).

• miRNAs derived from milk small extracellular vesicles inhibit porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the genus Alphacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, causes acute diarrhea and/or vomiting, dehydration, and high mortality in neonatal piglets. It has caused huge economic losses to animal husbandry worldwide. Current commercial PEDV vaccines do not provide enough protection against variant and evolved virus strains. No specific drugs are available to treat PEDV infection. The development of more effective therapeutic anti-PEDV agents is…

• Ovatodiolide inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis through suppression of the TGF-β/TβRs signaling pathway - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection continues to pose threats to public health. The clinical manifestations of lung pathology in COVID-19 patients include sustained inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. The macrocyclic diterpenoid ovatodiolide (OVA) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-allergic, and analgesic activities. Here, we investigated the pharmacological mechanism of OVA in suppressing SARS-CoV-2 infection and pulmonary fibrosis…

• Neutralizing activity and 3-month durability of tixagevimab and cilgavimab prophylaxis against Omicron sublineages in transplant recipients - Neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses are attenuated in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) despite severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 vaccination. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with the antibody combination tixagevimab and cilgavimab (T+C) might augment immunoprotection, yet in vitro activity and durability against Omicron sublineages BA.4/5 in fully vaccinated SOTRs have not been delineated. Vaccinated SOTRs, who received 300 + 300 mg T+C (ie, full dose), within a…

• Therapeutic potential of salicylamide derivatives for combating viral infections - Since time immemorial human beings have constantly been fighting against viral infections. The ongoing and devastating coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic represents one of the most severe and most significant public health emergencies in human history, highlighting an urgent need to develop broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Salicylamide (2-hydroxybenzamide) derivatives, represented by niclosamide and nitazoxanide, inhibit the replication of a broad range of RNA and DNA viruses such as flavivirus,…

• Antimicrobial and Antiviral Properties of Triclosan-Containing Polymer Composite: Aging Effects of pH, UV, and Sunlight Exposure - The present study deals with the synthesis and characterization of a polymer composite based on an unsaturated ester loaded with 5 wt.% triclosan, produced by co-mixing on an automated hardware system. The polymer composite’s non-porous structure and chemical composition make it an ideal material for surface disinfection and antimicrobial protection. According to the findings, the polymer composite effectively inhibited (100%) the growth of Staphylococcus aureus 6538-P under exposure to…

• Triterpene Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of the RBD Spike Protein from SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Approach - The appearance of a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, in 2019 kicked off an international public health emergency. Although rapid progress in vaccination has reduced the number of deaths, the development of alternative treatments to overcome the disease is still necessary. It is known that the infection begins with the interaction of the spike glycoprotein (at the virus surface) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 cell receptor (ACE2). Therefore, a straightforward solution for promoting virus…

• High Plasma tPAPAI-1C Levels May Be Related to a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Severe or Critical COVID-19: A Single-Center Retrospective Study - Severe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have a high incidence of thrombotic complications and mortality. The pathophysiology of coagulopathy involves fibrinolytic system impairment and vascular endothelial damage. This study examined coagulation and fibrinolytic markers as outcome predictors. In an observational study of 164 COVID-19 patients admitted to our emergency intensive care unit, hematological parameters on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 were retrospectively compared between…

• Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Its nsp14 Suppress ER Stress Induced GRP78 - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the α-coronavirus genus, can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration in piglets. Neonatal piglets infected with PEDV have a mortality rate as high as 100%. PEDV has caused substantial economic losses to the pork industry. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which can alleviate the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in ER, involves in coronavirus infection. Previous studies have indicated that ER stress could inhibit the replication…

• R-Propranolol Has Broad-Spectrum Anti-Coronavirus Activity and Suppresses Factors Involved in Pathogenic Angiogenesis - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlighted the need for broad-spectrum antivirals to increase our preparedness. Patients often require treatment by the time that blocking virus replication is less effective. Therefore, therapy should not only aim to inhibit the virus, but also to suppress pathogenic host responses, e.g., leading to microvascular changes and pulmonary damage. Clinical studies have previously linked SARS-CoV-2 infection to pathogenic intussusceptive angiogenesis in the lungs, involving…

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